![]() ![]() The study found that there was long-range regional transport of PM 2.5 into Lugbe area throughout the four months. The results of bivariate polar plots for most of the factors showed the influence of the southern areas of Lugbe. ![]() The results of 120-h backward trajectories showed that external northeastern region was more dominant in January, while during the remaining three months, southwesterly winds prevailed. Crustal dust, vehicle exhaust, and secondary sulfate were the major sources of ambient PM 2.5 in Lugbe, contributing 33.3, 29.8, and 18.0%, respectively. ![]() They include mineral dust, crustal dust, vehicle exhaust, secondary nitrate, secondary sulfate, and industrial sources. Source apportionment of PM 2.5 was performed using positive matrix factorization (PMF) model and six sources were identified. Chemical mass closure suggested that dust (40.5%) contributed most of the PM 2.5 mass. The highest ambient PM 2.5 concentration (142 μg m − 3) was recorded in winter while the lowest (84 μg m − 3) was observed in summer. Sampling in 2016 provided 246 PM 2.5 samples at 2 sites across all the four months of sampling. This study analyzed the chemical composition of PM 2.5 to perform source identification and contributions in Lugbe, Abuja, Nigeria. The level of PM 2.5 concentrations in Abuja is very high and above the statutory limits however, the high levels of pollution in Lugbe do not seem to be consistent with local emission sources. Due to rapid industrial development and urbanization, Abuja is characterized with poor and deteriorated air quality. ![]()
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